Daddies, kings & sissy boys

Through time and archives, between borders and genders, we emancipate ourselves from the power of the male gaze towards what is unclear, exaggerated, and sensitive.

According to the CBOS report “Young Poles on masculinity, femininity, and gender differences” (2025), as many as 21% of men aged 18-44 placed their gender identity on the female side of the scale, 4% on the scale between, and 2% feel neither masculine nor feminine. On the other hand, 5% of female respondents define their gender identity on the masculinity scale. These data indicate that binary gender boundaries have begun to blur, and it is men who more often admit that their perception of themselves goes beyond traditional roles. The stereotype of a strong, emotionless man who “should not cry or show weakness” is also becoming outdated. A total of 69% of respondents disagree with this idea, including 61% of men and 77% of women. These results are reflected in the report “Understanding masculinity. The reality of Polish men” (2024). Among the men surveyed, aged 18-69, only 24% agree with the statement that “it is not appropriate for a man to cry,” and 33% believe that “a man should never show weakness.” Despite dynamic social changes towards gender neutrality, where gender no longer determines one's place in the community, the dominant model of hegemonic masculinity is still treated as a pillar of civilization, protecting it from collapse.

In a patriarchal system, the heir to all wisdom and empowerment remains the white, heterosexual cisgender man. This fact, which has remained unchanged to date, is the starting point for reflections on masculinities that are equally real and true, yet excluded from the mainstream. What could “real” men learn from people whom they deny masculinity? And why should masculinity belong exclusively to the former?

In the project “Daddies, kings & sissy boys,” together with artists, authors, and performers, we dig deep and break down patriarchal structures to raise awareness of how patterns internalized for generations cause harm regardless of identity. We analyze issues related to diverse masculinities primarily from a queer and feminist perspective, complementing the narrative with a positive model of tender masculinity, in which men are willing to confront their own privilege, as well as the social and health costs they incur as a result. Androcentric culture is armed with a full set of expectations and stereotypes about men, which become a source of frustration, internal contradictions, and peer pressure. This, in turn, has a direct impact on all of us. An attempt to break free from this web of dependencies is a shift towards what seems unusual: expressions free from conventions, countercultural masculinity, non-heteronormative and transgender identities, and gender performance.

The guide for this journey through the exhibition is Diane Torr (1948–2017), a New York dancer, performer, and one of the pioneers of drag king, or the theatrical performance of masculinity. In her incarnations and performances, categories of masculinity were subjected to detailed vivisection based on many years of anthropological observations. Her masterful camouflage often served the artist to infiltrate male communities, including misogynistic ones, such as The American Society of Man, for which she gave a lecture dressed as a man.

In exploring various forms of masculinity, we also look at historical figures such as Felicita Vestfali, Rudolf Valentino, and Sylvin Rubinstein. Their fluid identities defied clear definitions, and their stage careers played with normative male dominance.
An important theme of the project is also a reflection on homophobia. The discourse of homonegativity propagated by male communities is simultaneously a tool for exclusion, establishing hierarchies, and distinguishing between what is masculine and what is not. Invented by men for men, it has become ingrained in patriarchy as an element of systemic discrimination. It also permeates minority communities, seeping in like poison, imposing restrictions on expression and forcing people to renounce themselves.
In the face of this exclusion, we normalize the male nude in queer art and the process of reinterpreting the works of the classics from a different perspective. Through time and archives, between borders and genders, we emancipate ourselves from the power of the male gaze towards what is unclear, exaggerated, and sensitive.

The exhibition and performance program are suitable for adults only.

Co-financed by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage from the Culture Promotion Fund – a state special-purpose fund.
total cost of the project: PLN 226,200.00
value of co-financing: PLN 177,480.00
date of conclusion of the agreement: April 7, 2025 







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